Varicose Veins: Recent Updates in Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management

Abstract

Varicose veins are one of the most prevalent vascular disorders encountered in practice worldwide. It was regarded as a cosmetic concern, but it has been found that varicose veins are a chronic progressive condition associated with significant morbidity and reduced quality of life. This review deals with the current understanding of varicose veins and particular emphasis is placed on emerging non-thermal, non-tumescent ablative techniques and updated classification systems. The endovenous thermal ablation, mechanochemical ablation, and cyanoacrylate-based closure are critically appraised along with conventional surgical and sclerotherapy approaches.